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On 14 February, 2025, during its 1261st meeting at the level of heads of state and government, the African Union (AU), Peace and Security Counsil (PSC) adopted a resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire and protection of civilians in eastern DRC.
This resolution strongly condemns the actions of armed groups such as the M23, demands an end to all foreign occupation, calls for the restoration of essential services in the city of Goma , and urges the immediate resumption of political negotiations. AU member states are required to respect and implement the PSC's decisions.
Two days before the AU Summit, an open letter, signed by 30 organisations was addressed to AU heads of state, urging them to include specific measures in their resolution. To the disappointment of the signatory organisations, the resolution did not include the establishment of a fact-finding mission to assess the crimes committed and combat impunity more effectively.
In this letter, organisations denounce the persistence of violence and human rights violations, as well as thethe illegal exploitation of natural resources. They call on the AU to intenseify efforts to protect civilians, support human rights defenders, and ensure accountability for those responsible for war crimes.
Meanwhille, on 13 February, the European Parliament adopted a resolution urging the European Commission and the Council to immediately suspend the EU-Rwanda Memorandum of Understanding on sustainable raw material value chains. They also called for a freeze on direct budgetary aid to Rwanda until the country ceases its interference in the DRC and stops exporting minerals from M23-controlled areas.
Since then, the M23 has expanded its offensive towards South Kivu and seized contral of Bukavu, whileUganda has increased its troop deployment in Ituri, including in Bunia.